
What is the status of digital children’s rights?
In this Digital Child Rights Monitor we give insight how the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) addressed digital child rights in its 2025 Concluding Observations on Indonesia. The priority scale reflects how strongly the CRC highlights an issue in its recommendations — the higher the score, the bigger or more pressing the problem. This scale helps visualize which digital child rights issues the CRC considers most urgent and where Indonesia faces its greatest challenges. If a country gets a low priority score it does not necessarily mean the country is doing good, it just means the CRC made little to no mention to it.
Summary

Priority
Digital Access & Participation (10) is Indonesia’s most urgent digital child-rights concern. The CRC signals ongoing inequalities in access, inclusion, and opportunities for children to engage meaningfully online.
Infrastructure & Capacity (8) also scores high, reflecting systemic challenges in technical readiness, connectivity, and institutional capability that require coordinated national action.

Priority
Online Safety & Protection (3) receives a moderate priority score, indicating that prevention measures, platform responsibilities, and reporting systems are addressed but remain insufficient.
Violence & Exploitation Online (3) is also a medium-level concern, suggesting persistent risks related to harmful content, online grooming, and exploitation that demand continued monitoring and stronger safeguards.

Priority
Digital Health & Well-Being (1) appears infrequently, showing that issues such as screen time, gaming addiction, and mental-health impacts receive limited attention in Indonesia’s CRC assessment.
Privacy & Data Protection (0) is not mentioned, implying an absence of documented concerns around children’s data handling, surveillance, or online privacy protections—likely signaling a significant blind spot rather than a lack of risk.
Overview themes

- Digital Access & Participation
- Digital Health & Well-Being
- Infrastructure & Capacity
- Online Safety & Protection
- Privacy & Data Protection
- Violence & Exploitation Online
Indonesia’s Concluding Observations show that Digital Access & Participation and Infrastructure & Capacity dominate the thematic landscape, highlighting major national challenges around connectivity, digital inclusion, and the systems needed to support children online. Online Safety & Protection and Violence & Exploitation Online appear regularly but with moderate urgency, suggesting that risks such as harmful content, unsafe platforms, and online exploitation are acknowledged but not yet comprehensively addressed. In contrast, Digital Health & Well-Being receives minimal attention, indicating that screen time, addiction, and mental-health impacts are not widely recognized in the CRC’s assessment. Privacy & Data Protection is entirely absent from the data, revealing a significant oversight in documenting how children’s personal information is handled and protected in digital environments.
Digital access and participation

- Access for children with disabilities
- Civic participation via digital means
- Digital Divide
- E-learning
- IT Infrastructure
Access for children with disabilities receives only limited attention, reflected in its low urgency score, indicating that inclusion measures for these groups are not strongly emphasized. Civic participation via digital means also gets no mention In contrast, Digital Divide, E-Learning, and IT Infrastructure all score higher, signalling that Honduras faces ongoing systemic challenges around connectivity, digital readiness, and equal access to online education. The equal urgency levels for these three areas suggest that they are interconnected issues requiring simultaneous investment and policy focus. Overall, the data shows that Honduras’ digital child-rights landscape is primarily shaped by structural barriers to access and learning, rather than by content-related or safety concerns.
Infrastructure and capacity

- Digitalized systems
- Cybercrime and cybersecurity laws
- Training of professionals on online offences
Digitalized systems receive the highest urgency score, indicating that system functionality, reliability, and digital infrastructure are the most pressing challenges in this context. Cybercrime and cybersecurity laws show medium urgency, suggesting that while legal frameworks exist, further strengthening and enforcement are still needed to protect children online. Training of professionals scores low, highlighting limited emphasis on building the skills and capacities of those responsible for digital safeguarding. Overall, the data suggests a strong focus on technological gaps, with comparatively less attention to human expertise and regulatory enforcement.

Digital health and wellbeing
Mental health impacts receive the only urgency score, suggesting that psychological well-being and related risks are the primary digital concern identified in this dataset. Gaming and online addiction, as well as support and rehabilitation services, show no recorded urgency, indicating that these issues were not highlighted or lacked sufficient evidence for prioritisation. Overall, the data reflects a narrow focus on mental health, with other areas receiving little to no attention.

Online safety and protection
Safeguarding policies and accountability in digital media score the highest urgency, indicating that stronger protective frameworks and clearer responsibility structures are needed. Awareness campaigns on safe internet use show moderate urgency, suggesting room for improvement in public education and prevention efforts. Complaint and reporting mechanisms receive no urgency score, implying they were not highlighted as a concern or may be functioning adequately within the current context.

Privacy and data protection
Privacy and data protection shows no recorded urgency score, indicating that this issue was not explicitly raised or documented in the available materials. The absence of data does not necessarily mean the topic is unimportant, it suggests limited reporting, gaps in monitoring, or a lack of explicit reference in the source documents. As a result, it remains unclear how children’s personal data, online privacy risks, or surveillance concerns are being addressed in practice.

Violence and exploitation
Online sexual exploitation and CSAM is the only subtheme with a notable urgency score, indicating that this issue represents the primary digital risk requiring attention. Online harassment, discriminatory violence, and trafficking/exploitation all score zero, suggesting they were not highlighted as concerns in the available assessment. Overall, the data points to a narrow focus on one critical harm while other forms of online violence appear underreported or unaddressed.
Concluding Observations CRC
- “Continue to improve digital inclusion for children in disadvantaged situations, including children living in rural areas and children with disabilities, and promote the equitability and affordability of online services and connectivity;”
- “the Committee urges the State Party: To enhance the capacity of the case management system, the Online Information System for the Protection of Women and Children, to effectively track individual cases, particularly those involving access to and outcomes of rehabilitation and reintegration services;”
- “While noting the adoption of Law No. 1/2024 requiring electronic system providers to set up mechanisms to protect children who use or access electronic systems, “
- “Enhance the digital literacy, awareness and skills of children, teachers and families, including by incorporating digital literacy into school curricula, to protect children from information and material that are harmful to their well-being;”
- “Develop regulations and safeguarding policies to protect the rights and safety of children in the digital environment.”
- “Continue strengthening measures to bridge the digital divide in education by ensuring equitable access to electricity, Internet connectivity, and digital learning resources for all children, particularly those in remote and underserved areas and strengthen coordination and capacity-building for madrasah educators and administrators, especially in privately managed institutions, to effectively implement digital learning strategies;”
- “The Committee takes note of the adoption of the Government Regulation No. 59/2019 on Child Protection Coordination, which aims to promote synergy across institutions, facilitate data collection and strengthen efforts to fulfil children’s rights and special protections, and urges the State Party to ensure that the Ministry of Women’s Empowerment and Child Protection has a clear mandate and sufficient authority and resources to coordinate and execute all activities relating to the implementation of the Convention at the cross-sectoral, national, provincial and local levels.”
- “Adopt a child rights-based approach in the establishment of the State budget by implementing a data-driven tracking system for the allocation and use of resources for children throughout the budget and for the development of impact assessments on how investments in any sector may serve the best interests of the child;”
- “The Committee notes the steps taken to harmonize data management through Presidential Regulations No. 39/2019 on Indonesian unified data and No. 62/2019 on the National Strategy for Accelerating Population Administration and Development of Vital Statistics.”
- “The Committee urges the State Party to fulfil its reporting obligations under the Optional Protocol on the involvement of children in armed conflict and the Optional Protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography, given that the relevant reports have been overdue since 24 September 2014.”

Indonesia
2025


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