1. Digital Access & Participation
2. Digital Health & Wellbeing
3. Infrastructure & Capacity
4. Online Safety & Protection
5. Privacy & Data Protection
6. Violence & Exploitation Online

Infrastructure & Capacity and Violence & Exploitation Online dominate the findings, showing that the Committee is primarily concerned with structural digital gaps and serious online harms affecting children. Online Safety & Protection and Digital Access & Participation appear at a medium level, indicating ongoing but less severe challenges in ensuring safe digital environments and equitable access. Digital Health & Well-Being and Privacy & Data Protection receive only minimal attention, suggesting these areas are either less documented or receive lower priority in the current observations. Overall, the thematic distribution points to a context where urgent systemic improvements and strong protective measures are needed to address the most pressing risks.

1. Discriminatory  violence
2. Online Harassment
3. Online sexual exploitation and (CSAM)
4. Trafficking / Exploitation

Online sexual exploitation and CSAM emerges as the most urgent concern, receiving the highest combined score, which highlights serious and recurring risks to children’s safety online. Discriminatory violence and online harassment follow closely behind, showing that harmful behaviours and targeted abuse remain widespread issues requiring sustained attention. Trafficking and exploitation appears only once and with a low urgency score, suggesting either limited reporting or fewer documented cases in the reviewed materials. Overall, the pattern indicates that sexual exploitation- and abuse-related harms dominate the digital child-protection landscape in this dataset.

1. Cybercrime & Cybersecurity laws
2. Digitalized systems
3. Training of professionals

Cybercrime and cybersecurity laws receive the highest urgency score, indicating that legal and regulatory gaps around online offences are considered the most pressing issue. Digitalized systems follow closely behind, showing that infrastructure reliability, system security, and digital functionality are also significant areas of concern. Training of professionals scores zero, suggesting that either no recommendations were made or that capacity-building needs were not highlighted in the reviewed material. Overall, the results point to a strong emphasis on strengthening legal frameworks and digital systems rather than workforce development.

1. “The Committee is seriously concerned, however, that, according to the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey conducted by UNICEF in 2018, nearly 90 per cent of children experience different forms of violence, including sexual, gender-based and domestic violence, that girls and children with disabilities are particularly vulnerable to such violence and that sexual exploitation and abuse online and in travel and tourism are serious concerns. It is also concerned about the following;”
2. “The committee is concerned … The insufficient implementation of the Sexual Offences Act 2013 and the Domestic Violence Act 2013 and the absence of a legal framework to protect children from sexual exploitation and abuse online;”
3. “The committee is concerned… The lack of data to assess the prevalence of all forms of violence against children, including online and in travel and tourism;”
4. “The committee urges … To expedite the enactment of the new cybercrime bill and ensure the effective enforcement of the legislation to protect children effectively from all forms of violence, including sexual exploitation, online and in travel and tourism;”
5. “The committee urges … To undertake a study on the extent, causes and nature of violence against children, including sexual exploitation and abuse, online and in travel and tourism, and, on its basis, develop and implement a comprehensive policy and strategy for prevention and intervention in cases of violence, with particular attention to girls and children with disabilities;”
6. “To ensure that all cases of all forms of violence against children, including sexual abuse, online and in travel and tourism, are promptly investigated, applying a child-friendly and multisectoral approach with the aim of avoiding the revictimization of the child, that perpetrators are prosecuted and duly sanctioned and that reparations are provided to victims, as appropriate;”
7. “The committee urges … To implement a digital birth registration system;”
8. “the Committee is deeply concerned about the absence of a data collection system covering all areas of the Convention.”
9. “The Committee recalls its general comment No. 5 (2003) and urges the State party to establish a comprehensive data collection and management system, with disaggregated data covering all areas of the Convention and its Optional Protocols, as previously recommended,[1] and to seek the technical support of the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). It also recommends that the State party strengthen evidence generation and data collection to enhance child rights monitoring across various domains of the Convention.”
10. “To establish, on the basis of the study, a comprehensive national database to systematically track and monitor all children in alternative care;”
11. “Ensure… Access to the Internet for all children across the country, including those living in rural and remote areas and for the most vulnerable and marginalized groups.”
12. “Ensure.. The effective implementation of the Access to Information Act 2021 and the acceleration of the adoption of the Criminal Offences Bill 2022 and the Cybercrime Bill 2023 to solidify the legal framework supporting the right to access to information and to protect the privacy of children in the media, including social media;”