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I-Monitor Czech Republic

Ithini imeko yamalungelo abantwana edijithali?

Kule Digital Child Rights Monitor sinikezela ngengcaciso ngendlela iKomiti ye-UN yamaLungelo oMntwana (i-CRC) ejongane ngayo namalungelo omntwana edijithali kwiZimvo zayo zokuGqibela zeRiphabliki yaseCzech zika-2021. Isikali esiphambili sibonisa indlela i-CRC egxininisa ngayo umba kwiingcebiso zayo - okukhona amanqaku aphezulu, kokukhona ingxaki inkulu okanye inzima ngakumbi. Esi sikali sinceda ekuqondeni ukuba zeziphi izinto zamalungelo omntwana edijithali i-CRC ezibona zingxamisekile kwaye apho iRiphabliki yaseCzech ijongene nemingeni yayo emikhulu khona. Ukuba ilizwe lifumana amanqaku aphantsi angundoqo akuthethi ukuba ilizwe lenza okulungileyo, kuthetha nje ukuba i-CRC ayizange ithethe nto ngayo.

isishwankathelo

Priority

Iziseko zophuhliso kunye nomthamo (12) kwaye Ukufikelela kwiDijithali kunye nokuThatha inxaxheba (12) ziwela kudidi olungxamisekileyo kakhulu. La manqaku aphezulu rhoqo abonisa imingeni emikhulu yesakhiwo kunye nokufikelela, ebonisa ukuba abantwana abanazo iziseko zophuhliso ezaneleyo, unxibelelwano, kunye namathuba okuthatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kwimeko yedijithali.

Priority

Ukhuseleko kunye noKhuseleko kwi-Intanethi (6) kwaye Ubundlobongela kunye nokuxhaphaza kwi-intanethi (5) zombini ziwela kuluhlu oluphakathi olungxamisekileyo. La manqaku abonisa inkxalabo ephawulekayo kodwa engeyiyo enzulu, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba iingozi ezifana nokuchatshazelwa kumxholo onobungozi, ukuxhatshazwa kwi-intanethi, kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwedijithali kufuna ukhuseleko oluqinileyo kunye nokubekwa esweni.

Priority

UBucala kunye noKhuseleko lweDatha kwaye Impilo yedijithali kunye nokuphila kakuhle ziwela kudidi olungxamisekileyo, njengoko zingaveli kwidatha yalo mjikelo wengxelo. Ukungabikho kwazo kusenokwenzeka ukuba kubonisa ingqalelo encinci yeKomiti kwezi zihloko ngelo xesha, endaweni yokungabikho kokubaluleka. Sekunjalo, ezi zihloko zisabalulekile kumhlaba obanzi wamalungelo edijithali kwaye kufuneka zijongwe, ngakumbi xa kujongwa ukwanda kobuchwepheshe obuqhutywa yidatha kunye nempembelelo ekhulayo yeendawo zedijithali kwimpilo yengqondo yabantwana. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba iNgxelo Jikelele No.25 yayisebenza kuphela ukususela ngo-2021, nto leyo enokuchaza ukungabikho kwedatha. 

Isishwankathelo semixholo

  1. Ukufikelela kwiDijithali kunye nokuThatha inxaxheba
  2. Impilo yedijithali kunye nokuphila kakuhle
  3. Iziseko zophuhliso kunye nomthamo
  4. Ukhuseleko kunye noKhuseleko kwi-intanethi
  5. UBucala kunye noKhuseleko lweDatha
  6. Ubundlobongela kunye nokuxhaphaza kwi-Intanethi

Idatha ibonisa ukuba iKomiti igxile kakhulu Ukufikelela kwiDijithali kunye nokuThatha inxaxheba kwaye Iziseko zophuhliso kunye nomthamo, zombini ezibonakala rhoqo kwaye zingxamisekile. Ukhuseleko kunye noKhuseleko kwi-Intanethi kwaye Ubundlobongela kunye nokuxhaphaza kwi-Intanethi nazo ziyajongwa kodwa kwinqanaba eliphakathi lokungxamiseka, nto leyo ebonisa iingxaki eziphawulekayo kodwa ezingabalulekanga kangako. UBucala kunye noKhuseleko lweDatha kwaye Impilo yedijithali kunye nokuphila kakuhle azikhankanywanga, nto leyo ebabeka kudidi olungxamisekileyo. Oku kungabikho kusenokwenzeka ukuba kubonisa ixesha lengxelo, ngaphambi kokuba ezi zihloko zibonakale ngakumbi ekubekweni kweliso kwedijithali kwamalungelo abantwana kwihlabathi liphela.

Iziseko zophuhliso kunye nomthamo

  1. Imithetho yolwaphulo-mthetho lwe-intanethi kunye nokhuseleko lwe-intanethi
  2. Iinkqubo zedijithali
  3. Uqeqesho lweengcali kwizenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezikwi-intanethi 

Idatha ibonisa ukuba Iinkqubo zedijithali bafumana amanqaku angxamisekileyo aphezulu, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba iziseko zophuhliso zedijithali zenkqubo kunye nokuphuculwa kwazo zizinto ezibalulekileyo ezixhalabisayo. Uqeqesho lweengcali kwizenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezikwi-intanethi ilandela ngenqanaba eliphakathi lokungxamiseka, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ukwakhiwa kwezakhono kubasebenzi bomthetho kunye nabadlali abafanelekileyo nako kuyinto ephambili ephawulekayo. Imithetho yolwaphulo-mthetho lwe-intanethi kunye nokhuseleko lwe-intanethi Ifumana eyona ngxamiseko iphantsi phakathi kwezi zihloko zintathu, nto leyo ebonisa ugxininiso oluncinci kakhulu kuhlaziyo lwezomthetho okanye lwemithetho kweli candelo. Ngokubanzi, ingqwalasela ikakhulu ikwikuqiniseni iinkqubo zedijithali kunye nokulungiselela kobungcali endaweni yokuguqulwa komthetho okukhulu.

Ukufikelela kwiDijithali kunye nokuThatha inxaxheba

  1. Ukufikelela kubantwana abakhubazekileyo
  2. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabahlali ngeendlela zedijithali
  3. Ukwahlula kwidijithali
  4. E-learning
  5. Izibonelelo ze-IT

Idatha ibonisa ukuba E-learning ifumana ungxamiseko olukhulu, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba yeyona ngxaki yedijithali iphambili egxininiswe yiKomiti. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabahlali ngeendlela zedijithali, Ukwahlula kwidijithali, Ukufikelela kubantwana abakhubazekileyo, kunye Izibonelelo ze-IT zonke zinezinga eliphakathi lokungxamiseka, nto leyo ebonisa ingqwalasela eqhubekayo kodwa engabalulekanga kangako. Okwangoku, Ukufikelela kubantwana abakhubazekileyo ayinikwanga ngxamiseko, nto leyo ebonisa ukungabikho kwengqwalasela yeKomiti kwesi sihloko kwimeko yedijithali. Ngokubanzi, ugxininiso lujolise ekuqiniseni iinkqubo zemfundo yedijithali ngelixa eminye imiba yesakhiwo kunye nokufikeleleka ifumana ingqwalasela encinci.

Impilo yedijithali kunye nokuphila kakuhle

Impilo yedijithali kunye nokuphila kakuhle akubonisi ngxamiseko irekhodiweyo kwidatha ekhoyo. Oku kungabikho kunokubonisa ukuba umxholo awuzange ujongwe ngokuthe ngqo kwiZigqibo zokuGqibela ezihlaziyiweyo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba imiba yempilo-ntle yedijithali yayivela ngelo xesha kwaye ngenxa yoko ayikaqatshelwa rhoqo ziibhodi ezijongayo. Ngenxa yoko, ukunqongophala kwedatha akuthethi ukuba ayibalulekanga kangako, kodwa kunoko kukho umsantsa ekunikeni ingxelo okanye uphuhliso lwemixholo.

Ukhuseleko kunye noKhuseleko kwi-Intanethi

Zonke ezi zihloko zintathu; amaphulo okwazisa, iindlela zokukhalaza kunye nokunika ingxelo, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokukhusela kwimidiya yedijithali, afumana amanqaku angxamisekileyo alinganayo angama-2, ibonisa ukusasazwa ngokulinganayo kwengqwalasela kuzo zonke ezi ndawo. Oku kuthetha ukuba umxholo ngamnye uthathwa njengobaluleke kakhulu, kungekho ngxaki iphambili evelayo. Ngokubanzi, idatha ibonisa ukugxila okuphakathi okuzinzileyo ekuqiniseni izakhiwo zokukhusela abantwana kunye nokwazisa uluntu ngaphakathi kwendalo yedijithali.

Ubumfihlo kunye nokhuseleko lwedatha

Ubumfihlo kunye noKhuseleko lweDatha nazo azinamanqaku angxamisekileyo abhalwe kwiseti yedatha. Oku kusenokubangelwa kukunqongophala kweenkcukacha ezicacileyo malunga nobumfihlo bedijithali babantwana kwimijikelo yangaphambili yengxelo. Ekubeni iinkxalabo zobumfihlo bedijithali zikhule kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukungabikho kwazo kusenokwenzeka ukuba kubonisa ixesha ekwabhalwa ngalo idatha endaweni yokubaluleka kwale ngxaki. Ngenxa yoko, ukungabikho kwedatha kubonisa umsantsa wengxelo endaweni yokungabikho komngcipheko okanye inkxalabo ngobumfihlo babantwana.

Ubundlobongela kunye nokuxhaphaza kwi-Intanethi

Idatha ibonisa ukuba ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo kwi-intanethi kunye ne-CSAM yeyona mixholo incinci kuphela enento engxamisekileyo erekhodiweyo, ifikelela kwi-5 iyonke. Zonke ezinye izihloko ezingaphantsi, kuquka ubundlobongela obusekelwe kwisini, ukuxhatshazwa kwi-intanethi kunye nokurhweba nokuxhaphaza, zinamanqaku angxamisekileyo angama-0. Oku kubonisa ukuba ungxamiseko kwidatha lugxile ngokupheleleyo kwicandelo lokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo kwi-intanethi.

Iingqwalasela zokuGqibela CRC

  1. “Ngelixa kusamkelwa ukusekwa kwe-portal yezikhalazo ekwi-intanethi, iKomiti ixhalabile kakhulu malunga noku kulandelayo…”
  2. “Sebenzisa amanyathelo afunekayo ukuphucula ulwazi ngokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo kwabantwana phakathi kwamalungu oluntu kunye neengcali ezisebenza nabantwana kunye nokusabela kuzo zonke iimpawu zokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo kwabantwana, ngakumbi kwi-intanethi nakwihambo kunye nokhenketho, kubandakanya nokuqinisa amandla obuchwephesha kunye nezixhobo zesoftware zokufumanisa nokuphanda ukuxhatshazwa okunjalo, ukukhuthaza uqeqesho lwabazali kunye nootitshala malunga neengozi kwi-intanethi kunye neengozi ezinxulumene nokuthumela imiyalezo yesondo, ukuqinisekisa nokukhuthaza iindlela ezifikelelekayo, eziyimfihlo, ezinobuhlobo nabantwana nezisebenzayo zokuxela zonke iintlobo zokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo kunye nokukhuthaza abantwana ukuba basebenzise oko;…”
  3. “Ngokubhekiselele kwingxelo yayo ngokubanzi uNombolo 25 (2021) ngamalungelo abantwana ngokunxulumene nemeko yedijithali, iKomiti icebisa ukuba iqela likaRhulumente liqinise imizamo yalo yokukhusela abantwana kwimidiya emibi neyingozi kunye nomxholo wedijithali kunye nokunciphisa ulwazi olungeyonyani kunye neephulo zeendaba ezingezizo, kuquka nokugonyelwa isifo se-coronavirus (COVID-19).”
  4. "Ukuseka nokusebenzisa ikharityhulam yemfundo esemgangathweni kazwelonke, unike ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kwizakhono zedijithali, ukubonelela ngenani elaneleyo lootitshala abafanelekileyo nabahlawulwa ngokwaneleyo, ukuqinisa uqeqesho lootitshala kwizakhono zobuchwepheshe bolwazi nonxibelelwano kunye nokuphucula izixhobo zedijithali ezikolweni;"
  5. "Qinisa ukuqokelelwa kwedatha engahlukaniswanga malunga nabasebenzi bezibonelelo zempilo kwiindawo zasezidolophini nezasemaphandleni, imiyalelo yamayeza enikwa abantwana kunye nokungenelela kwezempilo."
  6. "Misela inkqubo yezindlu zoluntu enezibonelelo ezaneleyo, uqokelele kwaye uhlalutye idatha malunga neentsapho ezidinga izindlu zoluntu kwaye ufumane izindlu ezifunekayo;"
  7. “Qokelela kwaye uhlalutye idatha ngokwenkqubo ngemeko yabantwana bamaRoma kuzo zonke iindawo ezigutyungelwe yiSivumelwano, ngentlonelo efanelekileyo kwimigaqo yobumfihlo, ukuzazisa ngokuzithandela kunye nemvume enolwazi, ukuze kunikwe ulwazi ngemigaqo-nkqubo kunye neenkqubo zayo.”
  8. “Ukujongana nokungalingani okubangelwe yingxaki ye-COVID-19 ngexesha lokufundisa ekhaya, kuquka nokuqinisekisa ukuba kukho izixhobo zekhompyutha kunye nokufikelela kwi-intanethi okwaneleyo, kunikwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kubantwana abasemaphandleni nakubantwana abakhubazekileyo.”
  9. “IKomiti ixhalabile kakhulu ngale nto ilandelayo: Inani elikhulayo lamatyala amantombazana namakhwenkwe axhatshazwayo ngokuthengisa ngomzimba nakwimveliso nokusasazwa kwezixhobo zokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo kwabantwana, kunye namaxhoba aneminyaka emi-3 ubudala;…”

Umphakathi waseCzech
2021

Inethiwekhi Yamalungelo Abantwana Yedijithali

Ngaba unomdla wokusebenza nathi ngamalungelo abantwana edijithali kwilizwe lakho? Joyina nathi.

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